starting a sentence with a number apa
Numbers expressed as numerals. Use only if abbreviation is conventional is apt to be familiar will save considerable space and will prevent cumbersome repetition.
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While this blanket ban is understandabledepending on the content starting a sentence with a number can be confusing or disruptive for readersdoing so is generally grammatically acceptable if you follow the three guidelines outlined below.
. In the APA style it is recommended to spell out numbers when starting a sentence. Consult Your Style Guide before Starting a Sentence with a Number. Words Use numerals 1 2 3 etc for the following.
Denote a specific place in a numbered series parts of books and tables and each number in a list of four or more numbers APA 2020 p. See below for a more extensive list. At the start of a sentence eg Two thousand people attended except for years eg 2016 raised a lot of questions about democracy.
In the Results section of a typical research paper you. Sometimes inserting a short descriptive word before the number is a quick fix. In an APA reference page numbers are alphabetized by how they are spelled out.
Spell out a numberor the word numberwhen it occurs at the beginning of a sentence as well as any related numbers that closely follow it. In the example above even though the usual presentation of the surname van Morrison begins with a lowercase v it is correct to capitalize the first letter of the surname when the name begins a sentenceHowever note that if the surname van Morrison is used later in the sentence or in referencescitations then the lowercase v is retained eg At the conclusion of. My pet monster has three heads and five eyes.
According to the Publication Manual use words to express any number that begins a sentence title or text heading. Spell out any number used to begin a sentence eg Nine hundred nine examinees participated in the experiment. See exceptions in the next section numbers used in statistics eg 245 3 times as many 2 x 2 design numbers used with units of.
Acronyms and abbreviations must be spelled out completely on initial appearance in text. Abbreviations APA rules for abbreviations state. Seventeen dogs were chased by people across the field.
Can you start a sentence with a number AP style. Three hundred persons were expected but only twenty-three showed up. Starting a Sentence with a Number Most people write numbers up to ten as words eg one two three and larger numbers as numerals eg 98 204.
17 dogs were chased by people across the field. In general APA style recommends using words to express numbers below 10 and using numerals when expressing numbers 10 and above. Numbers starting a sentence Spell out a numberor the word numberwhen it occurs at the beginning of a sentence as well as any related numbers that closely follow it.
The APA rule for numbers is that you should begin a sentence with a word even if the number is greater than nine and the word percent should also be used. In the APA style it is recommended to spell out numbers when starting a sentence. In this case the number is always written out as a word.
There are several rules of thumb you can follow to make sure that you are citing your paper correctly in APA 7 format. Ten participants answered the questionnaire. The best way to avoid a number at the start of a sentence is to reword the sentence.
While you should not begin a sentence with numerals some. Number 6 was the last in the series. The Rules Regarding the Use Numerals in APA and MLA styles.
Therefore a number or letter could come first on the references page. There was no number 7. Two teachers went home To avoid confusion and preserve consistency when writing numbers in APA style try to avoid starting a sentence with a number.
As a matter of style most journals advise authors not to start any sentence with an abbreviation or a number. Think of your paper broken up into paragraphs. Use words zero one two three etc for the following.
Denote a specific place in a numbered series parts of books and tables and each number in a list of four or more numbers apa 2020 p. Whenever possible reword the sentence to avoid beginning with a number. One fifth of the class.
One of the exceptions to this rule is when a sentence starts with a number. Avoid starting sentences with a number or abbreviation. Use words to express any number that begins a sentence title or text heading.
However there are also special rules for starting a sentence with a number. Any number that begins a sentence title or text heading. If possible it is better to reword the sentence so that it does not begin with the number eg The sample size for the experiment was 909.
For example Fifteen students were sick. Statistical symbols eg N p F etc should be underlined. When you start a paragraph the first time you add a sentence that has been paraphrased from a reference - thats when you need to add an in-text citation.
Starting a sentence with a number written in figures is an unpopular style and most writers try to avoid it. Avoid beginning a sentence with an acronym or an abbreviation. Numbers 10 and above.
Put the page number in parentheses right after the long quote. In order to use a figure it is better to reorder the sentence so that the number is contained later on. Whenever possible reword the sentence to avoid beginning with a number APA 2020 p.
Numbers and Statistics Guide Numbers see Publication Manual Sections 632635 for guidelines on using numerals vs. Forty-eight percent of the sample showed an increase. When can you start a sentence with a number.
In addition to expressing numbers 10 and above the following are other instances when you would use numerals rather than words. However acronyms are generally acceptable in that position either because they are words in their own right such as laser and radar or represent names of organizations such as NASA and CERN. Whenever possible reword the sentence to avoid beginning with a number.
2 showed no change. In general APA style recommends using words to express numbers below 10 and using numerals when expressing numbers 10 and above. Can you start a sentence with a number APA.
According to the Publication Manual use words to express any number that begins a sentence title or text heading.
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